Apoptosis (programmed cell death) of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has recently been identified as an important process in a variety of human vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, arterial injury, and restenosis after angioplasty.

What is VSMC apoptosis?

Apoptosis (programmed cell death) of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has recently been identified as an important process in a variety of human vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, arterial injury, and restenosis after angioplasty.

What is smooth muscle cell proliferation?

Proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) represents an important event in vascular lesion formation. Despite the common belief that growth factors contribute to the development of the atherosclerotic plaque, until now there has been no direct evidence for a role of mitogens in the development of arterial lesions.

How does necrosis occur?

Necrosis is the death of body tissue. It occurs when too little blood flows to the tissue. This can be from injury, radiation, or chemicals. Necrosis cannot be reversed.

What is the example of necrosis?

A classic example of a necrotic condition is ischemia which leads to a drastic depletion of oxygen, glucose, and other trophic factors and induces massive necrotic death of endothelial cells and non-proliferating cells of surrounding tissues (neurons, cardiomyocytes, renal cells, etc.).

What is VSMC proliferation?

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration play a critical role in the development of arterial remodeling during various vascular diseases including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and related diseases. Luteolin is a food-derived flavonoid that exerts protective effects on cardiovascular diseases.

What is VSMC?

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) constitute the major cells in the media layer of arteries, and are critical to maintain the integrity of the arterial wall. They participate in arterial wall remodeling, and play important roles in atherosclerosis throughout all stages of the disease.

What is an example of apoptosis?

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death. It is used during early development to eliminate unwanted cells; for example, those between the fingers of a developing hand.

What is an example of necrosis?

What is apoptosis vs necrosis?

Apoptosis is described as an active, programmed process of autonomous cellular dismantling that avoids eliciting inflammation. Necrosis has been characterized as passive, accidental cell death resulting from environmental perturbations with uncontrolled release of inflammatory cellular contents.

What is apoptosis example?

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death. It is used during early development to eliminate unwanted cells; for example, those between the fingers of a developing hand. In adults, apoptosis is used to rid the body of cells that have been damaged beyond repair.

What is SMC proliferation?

What causes atherogenesis?

It is caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery. Plaque is made up of deposits of fatty substances, cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin. As it builds up in the arteries, the artery walls become thickened and stiff.

What are the 2 types of cell death?

Two main types of cell death have been identified: apoptosis and necrosis. Necrosis occurs when cells are irreversibly damaged by an external trauma. In contrast, apoptosis is thought to be a physiological form of cell death whereby a cell provokes its own demise in response to a stimulus.

What is fatty streak?

A fatty streak is the first grossly visible (visible to the naked eye) lesion in the development of atherosclerosis. It appears as an irregular yellow-white discoloration on the luminal surface of an artery.

Is atherosclerosis and atherogenesis same?

Atherogenesis is the process of forming plaques in the intima layer of arteries. Atherosclerosis is developed progressively with inflammation and lipid accumulation varying significantly among individuals. The accumulation of LDL and the inflammation of the arterial wall is the first stage of atherosclerosis.

What are types of necrosis?

Other types of Necrosis

• Caseous Necrosis.
• Fat Necrosis.
• Gangrenous Necrosis.
• Fibrinoid necrosis.