Myositis ossificans (my-uh-SY-tuss uh-SIH-fuh-kanz) is when a bone forms inside your muscle or other soft tissue. Usually, myositis ossificans develops after a traumatic injury. Most often, it affects large muscles, such as in your arms or legs.

What is a myositis ossificans definition?

Myositis ossificans (my-uh-SY-tuss uh-SIH-fuh-kanz) is when a bone forms inside your muscle or other soft tissue. Usually, myositis ossificans develops after a traumatic injury. Most often, it affects large muscles, such as in your arms or legs.

What is the difference between myositis ossificans and heterotopic ossification?

Myositis ossificans (MO), otherwise known as heterotopic ossification, is a non-neoplastic, localized tumor-like lesion of new true bone formation that affects the muscles, ligaments, and fascia. Most cases of MO occur as a result of trauma, and thus the main demographics are adolescents and young adults,.

Where is myositis ossificans most common?

Myositis ossificans circumscripta may occur anywhere, but is most common in the brachialis (fencer’s bone), adductor longus (rider’s bone), soleus (dancer’s bone), and adductor magnus tendon.

Is myositis ossificans a form of heterotopic ossification?

Introduction. Myositis ossificans (MO) is the most common form of heterotopic ossification (HO), usually within large muscles. Some doctors view MO and HO as two points on the same line. They are similar problems that cause pain, local signs of inflammation, and loss of motion.

What is myositis ossificans and how can it be prevented?

Myositis ossificans more commonly occurs with repetitive trauma; thus, avoiding trauma to a muscle after a contusion or strain can prevent occurrence. Sometimes, protective padding over an injured muscle can also help. Stretching to prevent muscle strain, as well as wearing appropriate protective equipment, can help.

Which is true regarding myositis ossificans?

Myositis ossificans is a condition where bone tissue forms inside muscle or other soft tissue after an injury. It tends to develop in young adults and athletes who are more likely to experience traumatic injuries. Most of the time, myositis ossificans occurs in the large muscles of the arms or the legs.

What does heterotopic ossification mean?

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a diverse pathologic process, defined as the formation of extraskeletal bone in muscle and soft tissues. HO can be conceptualized as a tissue repair process gone awry and is a common complication of trauma and surgery.

Is myositis ossificans hereditary?

Myositis ossificans progressiva is a rare hereditary mesodermal disorder, It is a mutation in chromosome 2 in the bone morphogenetic protein type, receptor ACVRI, with an incidence of less than 1 in 10,000,000 populations affecting all ethnic backgrounds with both sexes equally [1].

What problems can myositis ossificans cause?

This is a painful and dangerous condition that can decrease blood flow to your muscle and nerve cells, leading to death of the tissues and even potential loss of limb. Myositis ossificans. A deep muscle bruise or repeated trauma to the same muscle can cause your muscle tissues to harden and form bone.

What are the symptoms of myositis ossificans?

The injury site will swell and feel warm or hot to the touch. You may feel a lump in the muscle. Pain and tenderness can be severe, but will be limited to the injured muscle. Your movement in that limb will be limited.

What are the 3 types of ossification?

Osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts are the three cell types involved in the development, growth and remodeling of bones. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells, osteocytes are mature bone cells and osteoclasts break down and reabsorb bone. There are two types of ossification: intramembranous and endochondral.

Is heterotopic ossification hereditary?

Heterotopic ossification occurs when bone tissue develops in your soft tissues. Some people develop HO after an injury or surgery. Others have genetic types of HO. Genetic HO is rare and causes severe symptoms.

How is fibrodysplasia ossificans inherited?

This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Most cases of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva result from new mutations in the gene. These cases occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family.

Is FOP hereditary?

Most cases of FOP occur sporadically, with a single affected individual within a family. When a familial pattern has been identified, FOP is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with complete penetrance.

What are two types of ossification?

There are two types of bone ossification, intramembranous and endochondral. Each of these processes begins with a mesenchymal tissue precursor, but how it transforms into bone differs.

What genes are involved in heterotopic ossification?

Ten hub genes were identified, including CX3CL1, CXCL1, ADAMTS3, ADAMTS16, ADAMTSL2, ADAMTSL3, ADAMTSL5, PENK, GPR18, and CALB2.

Is Stone Man Syndrome hereditary?

FOP is an extremely rare disorder with a worldwide prevalence of 1 case in 2 million individuals. It has no racial or gender predisposition. The disorder develops postnatally in the first 10 years of life. Genetic inheritance pattern is autosomal dominant and can be inherited from either parent.

Is fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva a genetic disorder?

Overview. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disorder that causes soft tissues to transform permanently into bone. These bones grow abnormally in the muscles, tendons, ligaments and other connective tissues, forming bridges of extra bone across the joints.

What gene causes FOP?

FOP is caused by the mutation of a gene (ACVR1) in the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway, which is important during the formation of the skeleton in the embryo and the repair of the skeleton following birth.