The Lyman-alpha line, typically denoted by Ly-α, is a spectral line of hydrogen (or, more generally, of any one-electron atom) in the Lyman series. It is emitted when the atomic electron transitions from an n = 2 orbital to the ground state (n = 1), where n is the principal quantum number.
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What is Alpha line of Lyman series?
The Lyman-alpha line, typically denoted by Ly-α, is a spectral line of hydrogen (or, more generally, of any one-electron atom) in the Lyman series. It is emitted when the atomic electron transitions from an n = 2 orbital to the ground state (n = 1), where n is the principal quantum number.
What is the Lyman-alpha transition?
The Lyman-alpha transition is one of several in the Lyman series of electronic transitions that were discovered in atomic hydrogen in 1906 by American physicist Theodore Lyman. The transition occurs when an electron jumps from 1S to 2P level and then falls back to 1S by emitting a photon at a wavelength of 121.6 nm.
What are Lyman-alpha photons?
Lyman α is light Radiation consists of light particles, or photons, which are small packets of energy. The higher the energy, the higher the frequency, but the shorter the wavelength, and vice versa. The different terms are just different ways of talking about the light.
Why is Lyman-alpha important?
Such Lyman alpha emission was first suggested as a signature of young galaxies by Bruce Partridge and P. J. E. Peebles in 1967. Experimental observations of the redshift of LAEs are important in cosmology because they trace dark matter halos and subsequently the evolution of matter distribution in the universe.
What causes the Lyman-alpha forest?
In astronomical spectroscopy, the Lyman-alpha forest is a series of absorption lines in the spectra of distant galaxies and quasars arising from the Lyman-alpha electron transition of the neutral hydrogen atom.
What is beta line of Lyman series?
3 to 1
The transitions are named sequentially by Greek letters: from n = 2 to n = 1 is called Lyman-alpha, 3 to 1 is Lyman-beta, 4 to 1 is Lyman-gamma, and so on. The series is named after its discoverer, Theodore Lyman.
What causes the Lyman alpha forest?
What can we learn from the Lyman alpha forest?
We can only see these very low mass clouds by the absorption they produce in the strongest line of the most abundant element: Lyman alpha. Thus by studying the Lyman alpha forest we can learn about the density fluctuations in the Universe on the smallest observable scales.
What is the rest wavelength of the Lyman alpha absorption line?
1216 Å
The Lyman-alpha spectral line has a laboratory, or rest, wavelength of 1216 Å, which is in the ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The Lyman-alpha absorption lines in the quasar spectra result from intergalactic gas through which the galaxy or quasar’s light has traveled.
What causes Lyman break?
The Lyman break, which is analogous to the Balmer break, forms because at wavelengths shorter than 912 Å radiation is completely absorbed by neutral gas.
What is a Lyman limit system?
The Lyman limit is the short-wavelength end of the hydrogen Lyman series, at 91.2 nm (912 Å). It corresponds to the energy required for an electron in the hydrogen ground state to escape from the electric potential barrier that originally confined it, thus creating a hydrogen ion.
Who is Lyman?
Lyman was one of the main characters in the Garfield comic strip. He was a friend and roommate of Jon Arbuckle and the original owner of Odie. The comic strip had Lyman as one of four main characters, alongside Garfield, Jon and Odie.
Why Lyman series lies in UV region?
The longer the arrow, the more energy released, and the shorter the wavelength of the light emitted. The Balmer series releases light in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The Lyman series, with longer arrows, requires the higher energy of the UV region.
At what redshift is the Lyman − α line rest wavelength 121.6 nm brought into a visible light detector that is sensitive to photons of wavelength greater than 400 nm?
For a redshift of 6.17, the Lyman-alpha line of atomic hydrogen (rest wavelength 121.6 nm) is observed at wavelength 871.9 nm, i.e. in the near-infrared spectral region.
What is a Balmer break?
The Balmer jump, Balmer discontinuity, or Balmer break is the difference of intensity of the stellar continuum spectrum on either side of the limit of the Balmer series of hydrogen, at approximately 364.5 nm.
What is the 4000 angstrom break?
Hereafter the 4000 angstrom break is defined as the ratio between the average flux density in ergs−1cm−2Hz−1 between 4050 and 4250 angstrom and that between 3750 and 3950 angstrom (Bruzual 1983).
What is Jon Arbuckle’s job?
a cartoonist
In The Garfield Show, his occupation is as a cartoonist. Also, in the strip from May 2, 2010, Liz tells her parents Jon is a cartoonist.
What is Garfields owner name?
Jon Arbuckle
Originally published locally as Jon in 1976, then in nationwide syndication from 1978 as Garfield, it chronicles the life of the title character, Garfield the cat; Jon Arbuckle, his human owner; and Odie, the dog.
Is Lyman a UV?
The Lyman series is in the ultraviolet while the Balmer series is in the visible and the Paschen, Brackett, Pfund, and Humphreys series are in the infrared.
What is Hubble tuning fork?
The Hubble sequence is a morphological classification scheme for galaxies invented by Edwin Hubble in 1926. It is often colloquially known as the Hubble tuning fork diagram because the shape in which it is traditionally represented resembles a tuning fork.